GGE Biplot Analysis of Multi-environment Yield Trials for Wheat in Northern India
Bhushan Kumar
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, CCS HAU-Hisar, Haryana, India
Ekta Hooda
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, CCS HAU-Hisar, Haryana, India
B. K. Hooda *
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, CCS HAU-Hisar, Haryana, India
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
A GGE Biplot provides an efficient graphical procedure for identification of favourable genotypes and mega-environment analysis. It displays the Genotype main effect (G) and genotype-by-environment (GE) interaction in two dimensions. It also possesses an extra property in the evaluation of the test environment by discriminating power versus representativeness view. Wheat breeders aim to develop superior genotypes characterised by high grain yield and other desirable quality traits. Presence of G × E interaction makes it difficult to identify the high yielding and most stable genotypes. Mega-environment analysis and genotype evaluation were conducted for 23 genotypes of wheat in six environments/states of Northern India during 2013-14. Delhi environment was observed as the most discriminating while Uttar Pradesh was reported as the least discriminating. The genotype WH1105 was observed to be the most favourable followed by PBW698 for Northern Zone of India.
Keywords: Singular value decomposition, G×E interaction, GGE Biplots, Mega-environment analysis, genotype evaluation