Advances in Research

The evolution of existing grids to smart grids for power supply is technologically the most prominent research area. It is one of the hot projects considered to contribute in national economy, also at the top priority for the country and involves hefty investments, although the entire research and development area is still immature. The work in this paper describes smart substation and its components which is fully in compliance with IEC61850 standard. It demonstrates a functional architectural framework of smart substation with its three layers. This work compares both systems and proposes a new system in single line diagram. The way to the establishment of smart fully digitized substation is although just in the initial stage in India, but work on improvement must carry on to keep up in pace with the fast growing technology especially integration of information technology for the communication between different entities. This paper presents a model of power system in case of fault how a merging unit can send information with high speed Ethernet in the form of sampled value messages. Intelligent substation can consist of various smart equipments capable of functioning instantaneously replacing the huge web of copper wires with fibre optic cables. Hence Smart substation is the first step in the implementation of smart grid.