A Comprehensive Review on Cucurbit Grafting: A Sustainable Approach to Boost Crop Performance
Chandana B S
Department of Fruit Science, College of Horticulture, Bengaluru-560065, India.
Lokesh T H *
Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru-560065, India.
Jyoti Uppar
Faculty of Horticulture, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari, Coochbehar, West Bengal, India.
Basana Gouda S
Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru-560065, India.
Yoshita Shrikrishna Shastri
Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, Bengaluru-560065, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Grafting, which unites the rootstock and scion of a plant, is crucial for combating soil-borne diseases in cucurbitaceous crops such as watermelon, melon, bitter gourd, summer squash and cucumber. Essential due to limited arable land and off-season demand, this technique enhances plant vigour by improving nutrient uptake and providing resistance to soil pathogens, salinity, drought and temperature variations, thereby improving overall yield and fruit quality. Initially implemented in Japan in the late 1990s, grafting significantly affects fruit pH, flavour, sugar content, carotenoids, and texture. Globally, it has been adopted to prevent diseases like fusarium wilt and root-knot nematode. This practice mitigates production losses under adverse conditions and promotes organic, safer vegetables by reducing pesticide residues. Recent advancements in grafting methods and versatile rootstocks further support its widespread use.
Keywords: Grafting, abiotic stress, biotic stress, cucurbits and rootstocks